華中農業大學植物科學技術學院邊銀丙教授領銜的應用真菌團隊在國際學術期刊Journal of Hazardous Materials上在線發表了題為“Molecular mechanism underlying cadmium tolerance differentiation in Lentinula edodes as revealed by mRNA and milRNA analyses”的研究論文。

該研究使用mRNA和milRNA聯合分析的方法解析了香菇鎘耐受性分化的分子機制，並驗證了α澱粉酶基因LeAmy在增強香菇鎘耐受性中的作用，為選育適宜於重金屬修復的香菇優良品種奠定了重要的理論基礎，這也是milRNA調控大型真菌鎘耐受性的首次報道。

博士生沈楠和碩士生徐晨傑為論文共同第一作者，肖揚副教授為通訊作者。相關研究獲得了國家自然科學基金、國家食用菌產業技術體系和湖北省食用菌產業技術體系等項目的資助。通訊作者肖揚副教授一直從事香菇等食用菌的遺傳研究，近年來在Journal of Hazardous Materials，Journal of Advanced Research，Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal，Journal of Fungi，Scientia Horticulturae 等學術期刊發表了一系列研究成果。

doi：10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129841

Mechanism of Cd tolerance differentiation was revealed by mRNA and milRNA analyses.

It is the first to disclose functions of milRNA in Cd response in macrofungi.

An α-amylase gene, LeAmy, was verified to increase Cd tolerance in shiitake.

Lentinula edodes is an important candidate for heavy metal mycoremediation. This study explored the molecular mechanism of cadmium (Cd) tolerance differentiation of L. edodes through comparative mRNA and milRNA analyses of two strains, YS45 (Cd sensitive) and YS119 (Cd tolerant). Results showed the emergence of more possible protein aggregates in YS45 than in YS119 under Cd stress. The number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and milRNAs (DEMs) was identified as 2036 and 370 as well as five and three in YS45 and YS119, respectively. Comparison of DEGs and DEMs between the two strains revealed that genes and milRNAs involved in cell wall remodeling, transport, heavy metal chelation, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, transcription regulation, redox homeostasis, proteolysis, signaling, DNA repair, cell cycle, may play important roles in Cd stress response, and their different expression patterns, especially those associated with proteolysis and carbohydrate metabolism, might lead to Cd tolerance differentiation between the two strains. The function of the α-amylase gene LeAmy in enhancing Cd tolerance in L. edodes was further verified by overexpression. This study has shed light on the molecular mechanism of Cd tolerance differentiation in L. edodes, and laid a foundation for breeding elite strains for heavy metal mycoremediation.

該研究使用mRNA和milRNA聯合分析的方法解析了香菇鎘耐受性分化的分子機制，並驗證了α澱粉酶基因LeAmy在增強香菇鎘耐受性中的作用，為選育適宜於重金屬修復的香菇優良品種奠定了重要的理論基礎，這也是milRNA調控大型真菌鎘耐受性的首次報道。

生物重金屬耐受能力和生物修復能力具有重要的研究價值，香菇不同菌株間鎘耐受能力存在顯著差異。香菇對重金屬鎘耐受性分化研究對耐基質鎘汙染的優良品種選育，以及利用香菇菌渣進行環境鎘汙染修復，都具有重要的科學意義。研究團隊通過mRNA和milRNA聯合分析揭示了香菇鎘耐受性分化的分子機制，細胞壁重塑、轉運、重金屬鰲合、脂質和碳水化合物代謝、轉錄調控、氧化還原穩態、蛋白水解、信號轉導、DNA修復和細胞週期相關的基因及milRNA的差異表達調控導致了菌株間的鎘耐受性分化，進一步建立了香菇鎘耐受性分化的分子機制模型。

研究團隊還通過遺傳轉化驗證了重要候選基因LeAmy的生物學功能。過表達LeAmy基因，鎘敏感菌株YS45的鎘耐受能力顯著提升，且在鎘處理條件下產生的蛋白聚集體明顯減少，而脂滴數量增加。結果表明LeAmy基因可增強香菇鎘耐受能力，碳水化合物及脂質代謝、蛋白水解等生物學過程可影響香菇鎘耐受能力。

校對和審核：張陽 王農